What defines a “Shadh” hadith? A. Fabricated B. Weak narrator C. Contradiction with stronger narration D. Missing chain Explanation: Shadh contradicts a more reliable narration.
Which Surah mentions the “People of the Ditch” (Ashab al-Ukhdud)? A. Al-Buruj B. Al-Fajr C. Al-Shams D. Al-Humazah Explanation: Surah Al-Buruj narrates their story.
Which creed affirms Quran as uncreated speech of Allah? A. Mu‘tazila B. Ash‘ari C. Jahmiyyah D. Qadariyyah Explanation: Ash‘aris affirm Qur’an as eternal attribute of Allah.
Which Abbasid caliph initiated Mihna (Inquisition)? A. Al-Ma’mun B. Al-Mansur C. Harun al-Rashid D. Al-Mu‘tasim Explanation: Mihna enforced doctrine of created Qur’an.
Which Hanafi jurist authored “Al-Hidayah”? A. Al-Kasani B. Al-Marghinani C. Abu Yusuf D. Muhammad al-Shaybani Explanation: Al-Marghinani wrote Al-Hidayah.
Which companion compiled the first written collection of hadith notes? A. Abu Huraira B. Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-‘As C. Anas ibn Malik D. Ibn Umar Explanation: His Sahifah al-Sadiqah is among earliest hadith records.
What is the defining trait of “Mutawatir” hadith? A. Weak narrators B. Limited chains C. Mass transmission D. Hidden defects Explanation: Mutawatir is reported by numerous independent chains.
Which Surah was revealed concerning the delegation of Najran? A. Aal Imran B. Al-Ma’idah C. Al-An‘am D. Al-Tawbah Explanation: Aal Imran addresses theological debates with Christians.
Which sect emphasized “manzilah bayn al-manzilatayn”? A. Ash‘ari B. Khawarij C. Mu‘tazila D. Murji’ah Explanation: Mu‘tazila proposed intermediate state for grave sinners.
Who authored “Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb”? A. Al-Razi B. Ibn Sina C. Al-Farabi D. Ibn Rushd Explanation: Ibn Sina wrote the Canon of Medicine.