Question 1
Cluster sampling means:
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An alternative to random sampling in selection of respondents to represent a general population for study purposes
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Often used because it is cheap and quick
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If you plan to conduct face-to-face interviews, you want your respondents to be in close groups rather than spread around the country
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All of these
Explanation:
Cluster sampling groups populations geographically and selects clusters, making it cost-effective and practical.
Question 2
Coalition means:
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A government where two or more political parties form a voting majority in the legislative branch
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This coalition is then termed as the government
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Both A & B
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None of these
Explanation:
A coalition government forms when multiple parties unite to create a governing majority.
Question 3
Cognition means:
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Human thought processes including perceiving, reasoning, and remembering
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Mental life can be described as having two components: thinking or knowing and feelings
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The first cognition class structure, change in component, is concerned with perception, language, memory, and problem solving
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All of these
Explanation:
Cognition includes mental processes such as perception, reasoning, memory, and emotional aspects.
Question 4
What is meant by the term Cognitive ability?
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The ability to think in abstract terms
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The systematic improvement of intellectual ability through a series of stages
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Violent social behavior perpetuated by a group of people
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None of these
Explanation:
Cognitive ability refers to mental skills like reasoning, problem-solving, and abstract thinking.
Question 5
Cognitive development means:
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The ability to think in abstract terms
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The systematic improvement of intellectual ability through a series of stages
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Violent social behavior perpetuated by a group of people
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None of these
Explanation:
Cognitive development involves progressive intellectual growth through stages as explained by Piaget.
Question 6
Cognitive development theory means:
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Suggests that individuals try to pattern their lives and experiences to form a reasonably consistent picture of their actions, values, and beliefs
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A household in which those living together without being legally married
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The ability to think in abstract terms
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None of these
Explanation:
Cognitive development theory explains how individuals build coherent mental frameworks from experiences.
Question 7
What is meant by the term Comparative questions?
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Questions concerned with the drawing of comparisons between one context in a society and another
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A policy of equal pay for men and women doing similar work should be evaluated on the basis of experience, skills
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Marriages in which husband and wife take distinctly separate family roles
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None of these
Explanation:
Comparative questions analyze similarities and differences across social contexts.
Question 8
Comparative research means:
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The drawing of comparisons between one context in a society and another
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A research methodology in the social sciences that aims to make comparisons across different countries or cultures
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A family organization centered around the husband-wife relationship rather than blood relationship
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None of these
Explanation:
Comparative research systematically compares societies or cultures to identify patterns.
Question 9
What is meant by the term Conflict theory?
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Marx's theory that in any capitalist society there is eternal conflict between the owners of the means of production and the workers
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It also emphasizes the role of power, authority
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Manipulation in socio-cultural change and stability
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All of these
Explanation:
Conflict theory highlights class struggle, power dynamics, and social inequality.
Question 10
Conflict view of deviance means:
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This view claims that the equality in a capitalist society is an illusion
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The owners of the means of production have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo by keeping the working class in a condition
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Both A & B
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None of these
Explanation:
It argues elites define deviance to maintain inequality and control.
Question 11
What is meant by the term Confluent love?
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Active and contingent love
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As opposed to the 'forever' qualities of romantic love
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Both A & B
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None of these
Explanation:
Confluent love is conditional and based on mutual satisfaction rather than permanence.
Question 12
Conformists means:
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According to Merton's theory, those who accept cultural goals and the institutionalized means of achieving them
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The belief of seeking happiness through the buying and using of goods and services
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The values, beliefs, knowledge, and ideas that are presented to people who are being socialized
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None of these
Explanation:
Conformists accept both societal goals and the legitimate means to achieve them.
Question 13
Control theory is a major concept of sociology. Name its originator:
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Walter Reckless
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Edwin Sutherland
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Auguste Comte
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Erving Goffman
Explanation:
Walter Reckless developed control theory focusing on internal and external controls.
Question 14
What is meant by the term Control theory?
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When a human being is tempted to engage in deviance, inner controls and outer controls can prevent him or her from doing so
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A large area consisting of cities or towns that have grown so that there is very little room between them
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A theory which suggests that modernizing countries come to resemble one another over time
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None of these
Explanation:
Control theory explains how social bonds and self-control prevent deviant behavior.
Question 15
Convergence Theory means:
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When a human being is tempted to engage in deviance, inner controls and outer controls can prevent him or her from doing so
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A large area consisting of cities or towns that have grown so that there is very little room between them
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A theory which suggests that modernizing countries come to resemble one another over time
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None of these
Explanation:
Convergence theory states that societies become similar as they develop.
Question 16
What is meant by the term Cultural relativity?
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An attempt to understand the beliefs and practices of a group in the context of their culture
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The repudiation of many existing cultural elements and the substitution of new ones
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Cultural features, such as the use of language, shared by all human cultures
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None of these
Explanation:
Cultural relativity involves understanding practices within their own cultural context.
Question 17
Cultural reproduction means:
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Cultural reproduction often results in social reproduction
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The process of transferring aspects of society from generation to generation
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Both A & B
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None of these
Explanation:
Cultural reproduction passes norms and class structures across generations.
Question 18
Cultural revolution means:
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An attempt to understand the beliefs and practices of a group in the context of their culture
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The repudiation of many existing cultural elements and the substitution of new ones
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Cultural features, such as the use of language, shared by all human cultures
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None of these
Explanation:
Cultural revolution involves replacing traditional cultural elements with new ones.
Question 19
Cultural transmission means:
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The socialization process whereby the norms and values of the group are internalized by persons
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The repudiation of many existing cultural elements and the substitution of new ones
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Cultural features, such as the use of language, shared by all human cultures
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None of these
Explanation:
Cultural transmission is how values and norms are passed through socialization.
Question 20
Cultural universal means:
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An attempt to understand the beliefs and practices of a group in the context of their culture
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The repudiation of many existing cultural elements and the substitution of new ones
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Cultural features, such as the use of language, shared by all human cultures
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None of these
Explanation:
Cultural universals are shared features found across all human societies.