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MCQ Practice

Technological Knowledge MCQs

Which activation function is commonly used in hidden layers of deep neural networks due to its ability to mitigate vanishing gradient problems?

  • A. Sigmoid
  • B. Tanh
  • C. ReLU
  • D. Softmax
Explanation:
ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) is popular for hidden layers because it accelerates convergence by avoiding vanishing gradients.

In machine learning, what does "overfitting" refer to?

  • A. The model performs well on training data but poorly on new data
  • B. Model generalizes well to unseen data
  • C. Insufficient training iterations
  • D. A data normalization technique
Explanation:
Overfitting means the model has learned noise or specific patterns of training data and fails to generalize to new data.

Which of the following is an example of a supervised learning algorithm?

  • A. K-Means clustering
  • B. Decision Tree
  • C. Apriori algorithm
  • D. PageRank algorithm
Explanation:
A decision tree is a supervised learning method for classification/regression.

What does "API" stand for, and what is its primary purpose?

  • A. Automated Programming Interface, for automated coding
  • B. Application Programming Interface; to allow software components to communicate
  • C. Applied Password Interface; for securing applications
  • D. Application Platform Integration, for platform customization
Explanation:
API stands for Application Programming Interface, and it allows different software applications to interact with each other.

In a version control system like Git, what does "branching" allow a developer to do?

  • A. Combine two code files
  • B. Work on separate features concurrently
  • C. Prevent others from accessing the repository
  • D. Automatically merge code changes
Explanation:
Branching creates an isolated line of development for features or experiments.

Which of these is NOT one of the three primary service models of cloud computing?

  • A. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
  • B. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
  • C. Container as a Service (CaaS)
  • D. Software as a Service (SaaS)
Explanation:
The main models are IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS; CaaS is not a standard term.

What is the main purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS) in computer networks?

  • A. Encrypting data on the network
  • B. Translating domain names to IP addresses
  • C. Routing data packets
  • D. Synchronizing time among servers
Explanation:
DNS translates human-readable domain names to IP addresses used by computers.

Which of the following is a widely used virtualization platform for managing virtual machines on cloud infrastructure?

  • A. Docker Engine
  • B. Kubernetes
  • C. Hyper-V
  • D. Apache Hadoop
Explanation:
Hyper-V (by Microsoft) is a hypervisor for creating and managing virtual machines.

What does the term "bandwidth" refer to in networking?

  • A. The number of concurrent connections
  • B. The maximum rate of data transfer across a given path
  • C. The frequency range of a wireless signal
  • D. The number of devices on a network
Explanation:
Bandwidth is the maximum data transfer rate of a network path.

Which network topology feature is characteristic of a star network?

  • A. Every node is connected to exactly two others in a ring
  • B. All nodes share a common bus
  • C. All nodes are connected to a central hub
  • D. Nodes form a mesh with multiple paths
Explanation:
In a star topology, each node connects to a central hub or switch for communication.