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MCQ Practice

General Science (Everyday Science) MCQs

The Coriolis effect arises because Earth:

  • A. Is spherical
  • B. Rotates
  • C. Has an atmosphere
  • D. Has oceans
Explanation:
Rotation causes apparent deflection of moving air and water in a rotating frame.

In the rock cycle, basalt can transform into amphibolite primarily by:

  • A. Weathering only
  • B. Metamorphism
  • C. Sublimation
  • D. Bioturbation
Explanation:
Increased pressure and temperature alter basalt mineralogy into metamorphic assemblages.

Which scale is logarithmic and used to describe earthquake magnitude?

  • A. Beaufort scale
  • B. Mohs scale
  • C. Richter-type magnitude scale
  • D. Saffir-Simpson scale
Explanation:
Earthquake magnitude scales quantify released energy logarithmically.

Metamorphic foliation typically develops due to:

  • A. Rapid cooling of lava
  • B. Directed pressure causing mineral alignment
  • C. Cementation of sediments
  • D. Weathering in arid climates
Explanation:
Differential stress aligns platy or elongate minerals into planar fabrics.

The mineral calcite reacts vigorously with dilute hydrochloric acid because it is a:

  • A. Silicate
  • B. Sulfide
  • C. Carbonate
  • D. Oxide
Explanation:
Carbonates effervesce by releasing (CO_2) upon acid reaction.

Which boundary is most associated with deep ocean trenches?

  • A. Divergent continental rifts
  • B. Convergent subduction zones
  • C. Passive margins
  • D. Transform faults
Explanation:
Trenches form where one lithospheric plate bends and subducts beneath another.

Seafloor spreading occurs primarily at:

  • A. Transform boundaries
  • B. Convergent boundaries
  • C. Divergent boundaries
  • D. Hotspot volcanoes only
Explanation:
New oceanic crust forms where plates move apart at mid-ocean ridges.

The lithosphere consists of:

  • A. Crust only
  • B. Mantle only
  • C. Crust plus rigid uppermost mantle
  • D. Entire mantle and core
Explanation:
The lithosphere is the rigid outer shell comprising crust and uppermost mantle.

Which biome is characterized by permafrost?

  • A. Tropical rainforest
  • B. Tundra
  • C. Mediterranean shrubland
  • D. Temperate deciduous forest
Explanation:
Permanently frozen subsoil is a defining feature of tundra environments.

Net primary productivity equals gross primary productivity minus:

  • A. Herbivory
  • B. Respiration by producers
  • C. Decomposition by fungi
  • D. Sedimentation
Explanation:
Producers retain only the energy left after their own metabolic respiration.