Which country is historically known as “Persia”? A. Iraq B. Iran C. Afghanistan D. Turkey Explanation: Persia is the former name of Iran.
The “Edict of Milan” (313 CE) legalized Christianity in: A. Byzantine Empire B. Roman Empire C. Holy Roman Empire D. Ottoman Empire Explanation: Constantine legalized Christianity across the Roman Empire.
Which international organization was founded in Bretton Woods (1944)? A. WTO B. IMF C. NATO D. EU Explanation: IMF was established to ensure global monetary stability.
Which philosopher is associated with dialectical materialism? A. Hegel B. Marx C. Engels D. Lenin Explanation: Marx developed dialectical materialism from Hegelian ideas.
Which empire constructed the Royal Road? A. Roman B. Persian C. Mauryan D. Byzantine Explanation: The Achaemenid Empire built the Royal Road for administration.
Which treaty formally ended the Cold War division of Germany? A. Treaty of Paris B. Two Plus Four Agreement C. Helsinki Accords D. Warsaw Pact Dissolution Explanation: The 1990 agreement enabled German reunification.
Which medieval scholar authored “The Prince” (Il Principe)? A. Thomas Aquinas B. Niccolò Machiavelli C. Erasmus D. Dante Alighieri Explanation: Machiavelli’s “The Prince” analyzes political power and statecraft.
Which river flows through Baghdad? A. Nile B. Euphrates C. Tigris D. Jordan Explanation: Baghdad is situated on the Tigris River.
Which philosopher wrote “Being and Nothingness”? A. Sartre B. Camus C. Nietzsche D. Hegel Explanation: Sartre’s key existentialist work.
Which country uses Euro but not EU member originally? A. Norway B. Switzerland C. Monaco D. UK Explanation: Monaco uses Euro via agreement.